Informatics Publishing Limited

S.M. Jadhav ¹, P. A. Deshmukh ², A.A. Pawar ³

Affiliations
1 Asst. Professor, JSPM’s Jayawantrao Sawant College of Engg., Pune-28, IN
2 Asst. Professor, JSPM’s Rajarshi Shahu College of Engineering, Pune-33, IN
3 Professor, JSPM’s Rajarshi Shahu College of Engineering, Pune-33, IN

Abstract

Development of proper ways for thermal management of the electronic equipments is very essential due to miniaturization with semiconductor technology. Various active and passive cooling techniques can be used. Pin fin heat sinks are passive techniques. In this work, an experimental investigations are carried out for circular and rectangular uniform cross section pin fin heat sinks with horizontal and vertical orientation and in line and staggered arrangement. Various pitches considered were dimensionless transeverse pitch, ST = 2.2 to 8.8 and dimensionless longitudinal pitch SL=2.2 to 4.4, for inline and staggered arrangements. The results were obtained for the aspect ratio of 5 to 7.5. The velocity range was considered from 0.2m/s to 2.4m/s.

Keywords

Heat Sink, Pin Fins, Entropy Generation

Full Text

     

V. V. Nambiar ¹, I. Y. Bhatt ¹, P. A. Deshmukh ¹, R. R. Jape ¹, P. N. Jivani ¹, H. R. Kavale ¹, S. S. Prakashkar ¹, A. V. Ramachandran ¹

Affiliations
1 Division of Developmental and Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Zoology, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara - 390 002, IN

Abstract

Epimorphic regeneration, as exemplified by lizard tail, involves the formation of regeneration blastema as a prerequisite for replacement growth. The formation of blastema is preceded by many regressive changes like tissue demolition, histolysis, inflammation, wound closure, dedifferentiation, cell migration and proliferation. The ECM components of a normal tail help maintain the differentiated state of the constituent heterogeneous tissue and tend to prevent cell migration and proliferation. Since the formation of a regeneration blastema involves many key cellular events like dedifferentiation, migration of dedifferentiated and other nomadic cells and cell proliferation, extensive reorganization of the extracellular matrix is likely to be a major event during post-autotomy period. To this end, total GAG content and gelatinase (MMP-2&9) activity were assayed during the first week post-caudal autotomy. The effect of MMP inhibition by doxycycline was also evaluated in terms of the number of days taken for wound closure and blastema formation as well as the length of detail regenerated at the end of twenty days from the time of initiation of growth. Significant progressive decrement in total GAG content up till 96 hours followed by a significant increment at 120 and 144 hours, together with a biphasic increment in gelatinase activity (first during 24-48 hours and second during 96-144 hours) have been recorded. The increased gelatinase activity and the decreased GAG content in the first 96 hours are suggestive of breakdown of proteoglycans and collagens (type IV, V, VII&X). The second phase of increase in GAG content is related with synthesis of hyaluronate, favoring dedifferentiation, proliferation and migration of cells. MMP inhibition by doxycycline significantly retarded tail regeneration. From these results it is concluded that ECM remodeling is crucial in the immediate post-autotomy period for the formation of an effective blastema and that MMPs play a crucial role in the same.

Keywords

ECM Remodeling, GAGs, Lizard, MMPs, Regeneration.

Full Text

     

A. S. Lawhale ¹, P. A. Deshmukh ², A. S. Bonde ², S. B. Deshmukh ³, R. T. Raghuwanshi ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola (M.S.), IN
2 Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Shri Shivaji College of Horticulture, Amravati (M.S.), IN
3 Department of Extension Education, Shri Shivaji College of Horticulture, Amravati (M.S.), IN
4 Regional Research Centre, Amravati (M.S.), IN

Abstract

Eastern Vidarbha region of Maharashtra experience subhumid climate with annual rainfall 1250 mm. The soils of the region are mostly developed from weathered granite-gneiss/sandstone/schists or alluvium deposited by the river Wainganga/Pranhita. The soils under study were clay to clay loam textured (Clay 32.10 to 64.10%). These soils had comparatively high sand (10.50 to 40.00 %). The bulk density and hydraulic conductivity ranged between 1.21 to 1.82 Mg m^-1 and 0.490 to 2.50 cm hr^-1, respectively. These soils were neutral to slightly acidic, noncalcareous and free from salt accumulation. Organic carbon was low to moderate. The X-ray diffractograms suggected the dominance of smectite (MgEgly peak around 1.688 to 1.788 nm) in soils from Pawani, Adyal, Tumsar, Mohadi, Lakhani, (Dist. Bhandara), Mul, Chimur and Nagbhid (Dist. Chandrapur). In these soil clay smecite ranged from 46 to 68 per cent. It was also further confirmed by high CEC (40.00 to 51.2 cmol (p+) kg^-1) and fairly high Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺. The soils from Brahmapuri (Dist.Chandrapur) and Armori (Dist. Gadchiroli) showed the dominance of kaolinite (0.719 nm peak) which was further confirmed by low CEC (20.00 to 23.4 c mol (p+) kg^-1) and low exchangeable Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺. The soils from Jawahar nagar and Sakoli (Dist. Bhandara) showed mixed mineralogy where smectite, illite and kaolinite ranged between 15 to 24 per cent, 14 to 20 per cent amd 40 to 47 per cent, respectively. The correlation study indicated the significant positive correlation between smectite and bulk density, pH, CEC ex. Ca and ex. Mg where as significant negative correlation was obtained between illite and kaolinite with bulk density, pH, CEC, ex. Ca and ex. Mg.

Keywords

Clay Mineralogical Composition, Soil, Soil Properties.

Full Text